How is our body
temperature maintained?
Man is a homoeothermic or warm blooded creature. His
normal body temperature remains almost constant in all the seasons. The
temperature of the surroundings affects it very little. The normal temperature
of a healthy person remains at 370 F or 98.40 F. as a
result of this, the body remains warm.
Human Body normal temperature remains at 37 centigrade degrees
Our body receives heat energy from the food we eat. The
food substances produced heat by the process known as oxidation. Oxidation is a
kind of combustion that takes place in our body. We know that the burning of
fuels produces heat. The oxidation of food produces heat in the similar manner.
The only difference is that burning of fuels produces both heat and light,
while combustion of food produces only heat.
The body uses the heat produced by food for doing
different kinds of work. Food such as flour, rice, sugar and potatoes contain
sufficient quantity of carbohydrates. To consume foods containing carbohydrates
is very important and necessary to the body because they keep body warm and
provide it energy. Normally 2500 calories of heat energy is produced every day
in the body of a human being. This energy keeps the body warm and enables its
various organs to do different kinds of works.
The temperature center of the brain maintains the
temperature of the body. This center consists of three parts- control center that regulates the temperature of the blood; heating center that raises the
temperature of the blood when it drops; and the cooling center that cools the
blood when the temperature rises.
Whenever a disturbance occurs in the temperature center of the brain, the body starts shivering and these results in fever. If the
disturbance occurs in the beating center it causes shivering whereas the
abnormality in the cooling center causes fever in the body. The body always
radiates heat to the surroundings. Whenever we sleep or sit on something, it
becomes warm due to the heat coming out from our body.
Many diseases cause a rise in body temperature. This
happens because the body produces more heat than it can give off. Much disease
causing bacteria are killed by even a small increase in the person’s body
temperature. But if the body temperature rises above 440 C, it often
results in death because some important enzymes are destroyed.
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