Paint is a mixture of one or more colored powders and a liquid usually oil. The colored powder is called a pigment. The liquid is called a vehicle or binder. The vehicle carries the pigment and allows it to spread over the surface. Many vehicles contain a solvent or thinner.
There are basically two types of pigments prime pigment and inert pigment. Prime pigments give the paint its color, and inner pigments like calcium carbonate, clay, mica or talc make the paint durable.
Vehicles include oils, varnishes, latex and various types of resins. When a vehicle comes in contact with air, it dries and hardness. This makes the pigment bind with the surface.
There are various types of paints. The paints used on walls and roofs are oil-based. Such paints serve to protect wood and metals. Latex paints include wall paints and masonry paints.
Many masonry paints are produce with substances like polyvinyl acetate or acrylic emulsions. Lacquers are often used to paint automobiles. It is made of a solution or resins in a solvent. It is made of a solution of resins in a solvent. The solvent dries up after the lacquer is put over it. There are fire resistant paints that protect material against damage due to fire. Heat resisting paints are used to cover warm and hot surfaces.
Cement water paints add color to cement surfaces such as a basement floor. In metallic paints, aluminum or bronze powder is used as ingredients. Enamel paints contain small amounts of prime pigments. They are often used in bathrooms and kitchens.
To manufacture paint, a small amount of the vehicle is put into a large mechanical mixer. Then powdered pigment is slowly added to the vehicle, and a heavy paste of these two is made. The paste is put into a grinder to break up the pigment particles, and spread the evenly throughout the vehicle. This operation is followed by thinning and drying. The paint is treated until the solution is thin enough for use.
Tinting is the next process. A tinter adds a small amount of pigment to give the paint the desired color and shade. The final steps include straining and packaging. The paint is straining and packaging. The paint is strained through a filter to remove any solid particles of dust or dirt. It is then poured into a filling tank, and finally into metal cans in which it is sold.
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